Garbage Picker as an Urban Homosacer: A Research in Tehran
Subject Areas : Research on Iranian social issues
Sattar
Parvin
1
(Associate Professor, Departmenat of Social work, Allameh Tabataba'i University.)
Keywords: waste picking, Homosacer, Social Pathology, Qualitative Method, Tehran.,
Abstract :
Nowadays, the problem of garbage collection in Iran has become one of the serious phenomenon and problems in the form that it is manifested in all the cities and metropolises of the country. The problem of garbage collection possesses environmental, economic and social dimensions. The present study tries to narrate the life issues of garbage pickers in Tehran using an interpretive approach. The theoretical view of the research is based on a critical approach and the use of Agamben's Homosacer concept. The research method is based on the fundamental qualitative method and the use of semi-structured interview and observation techniques. Thematic analysis is used to analyze the data. The findings of the research show that garbage pickers face with many problems such as nutrition, sleep, addiction, etc. and they have unequal working relationships with contractors. Garbage pickers are mostly men, immigrants, low-educated or illiterate and live in different places such as streets, worker accommodation centers, outskirts of cities and with their families. Garbage picking as a job is related to other social problems of the city like social inequalities urban consumption, child labor and black holes of urban waste. Urban garbage collectors, like other damaged and marginalized social groups, are the concept of urban homosuckers. Such people are not included in official support.
ایثاری، مریم و علیرضا شجاعی زند (1398) «زمینه‌ها و فرایندهای شکل‌گیری زیست غیر رسمی زباله‌گردی (مطالعه موردی: کارگران افغانستانی در تهران)»، مجله بررسی مسائل اجتماعی ایران، دوره دهم، شماره 1، صص 63-95.
------------------------ (1399) «سیاست‌های شهری و زیست غیر رسمی زباله‌گردی در تهران»، مطالعات جامعه‌شناختی شهری، سال دهم، شماره 34، صص 1-32.
بیات، آصف (1396) خیزش فرودستان، ترجمه مرداد امامی، قابل دسترسی در: https://pecritique.
com/2018/01/11 / پروین، ستار و دیگران (1397) «مهاجرت و زباله‌گردی، به مثابه شیوۀ نوظهور زیست شهری»، فصلنامه مطالعات جمعیتی، دوره چهارم، شماره 1، صص 199-228.
نادری، احمد و دیگران (1401) «مطالعه کیفی درباره زباله‌گردی در شهر تهران»، بررسی مسائل اجتماعی ایران، دوره سیزدهم، شماره 1، صص 167-197.
نیومن، ولیام لاورنس (1389) شیوه‌های پژوهش اجتماعی: رویکردهای کیفی و کمی، ج 2، ترجمه حسن دانایی فرد و سید حسین کاظمی، تهران، کتاب مهربان.
Agamben, Giorgio (1998) Homosacer: Stanford University press.
Barford A. And Ahmad . S (2021) A Call for a Socially Restorative Circular Economy: Waste Pickers in the Recycled Plastics Supply Chain. Circular Economy and Sustainability (1) PP 761–782.
Ellermann, Antje (2009) Undocumented Migrant and Resistance in the State of Exception, university of British Colombia, prepared for Union studies association meeting.
Fergutz, O. (2011) Developing urban waste management in brazil with waste picker organizations. Environment and Urbanization, 597-608.
Hayami, Y. (2006) Waste pickers and collectors in Delhi: Poverty and environment in an urban informal sector. Journal of Development Studies, Volume 42, Issue 1.
Hunt, C. (1996) Child waste pickers in India: The occupation and its health risks., Environment and Urbanization, Vol. 8, No. 2.
----------- (2001) A review of the health hazards associated with the occupation of waste picking for children. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health.
Huysman, M. (1994) Waste picking as a survival strategy for women in Indian cities. Environment & Urbanization, 155-174.
Joshi, N. (2018) Low-income women’s right to sanitation services in city public spaces: a study of waste picker women in Pune. Environment and Urbanization, 249-264.
Kemper, H. (1990) The physical and physiological workload of refuse collectors. Ergonomics, Vol. 33, No. 12.
Medina, J. P. (2005) “Model for Analysis and Simulations (MAS): A New DSGE for the Chilean Economy,” Mimeo, Central Bank of Chile.
Schenck R, Blaauw D, Viljoen K. (2016) Enabling factors for the existence of waste pickers: A Systematic Review Social Work. /Maatskaplike Werk Vol 52 No 1; Issue 3.
Steiner. D. and Bernard .H (2003) Lung disease in waste collectors. Praxis, vol 92.issue 10.
Viljoen, K., Blaauw, P. & Schenck, R. (2015) “I would rather have a decent job”: Barriers preventing street waste pickers from improving their socioeconomic conditions. ERSA Working paper World.